Schools as critical infrastructure
Schools are complex enterprise systems
A school district isn't a small office with a lot of laptops. Education facilities are already counted among the nation's critical infrastructure, and from a technology standpoint a district behaves like any large enterprise: thousands of users, many sites, regulated data, and systems that can't go down when the bell rings. That's why I see the work as engineering those systems, not just supporting them.
Definition
Complex enterprise system (n.): a socio-technical system of systems in which people, processes, information, and technology (both IT and OT) work toward a shared mission across many sites and stakeholder groups. Its component systems run largely on their own yet depend on one another. No one controls the whole from a single point, its behavior emerges from how the parts interact, and it has to keep running while it changes.
Informed by W. B. Rouse, Universities as Complex Enterprises (Wiley, 2016); A. Gorod et al., eds., Case Studies in System of Systems, Enterprise Systems, and Complex Systems Engineering (CRC Press, 2014); and D. Giachetti, Design of Enterprise Systems (2010).
IT
Information technology
Identity and access, student and staff devices, SIS, HR, and finance data, networks and cloud platforms, plus the compliance that wraps them, like student privacy law, internet filtering requirements, and state testing.
OT
Operational technology
The systems that keep campuses physically running and safe: door access, cameras, bells and PA, emergency notification, HVAC, lighting, and energy controls. They're increasingly networked, which makes them increasingly IT's concern.
Four levels of a district enterprise
Rouse describes academic enterprises in layers that enable or constrain one another. The same layers fit a school district.
Practices
The daily work of teaching, learning, and support: what happens in classrooms, offices, and at the help desk.
Processes
Enrollment, account provisioning, device lifecycles, testing windows: the workflows that connect people to systems.
Structure
Sites, departments, governance, and budgets: who owns which decisions and how resources are allocated.
Ecosystem
State and federal rules, funding, vendors, county offices, and the community: forces outside the district that shape everything inside it.